Nicolae Ionescu, Aurelian Penescu, Mihaela Ioana Georgescu, Elena Săvulescu, Sorin Gabriel Ionescu
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E. crus-galli, variability, panicles, spikelets, maize.
Currently, barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv.] is considered a very dangerous weed for agriculture. It’s spread is achieved both by adapting to the crop and by the high degree of dissemination. The observations found this weed harms all spring crops, including maize. Controlling them can be relatively easy, including herbicides. In order to promote specific weed management (SWM) have been found useful information on the morphological variability of the species. Panicle characters and kernels showed how plant adaptation held in these conditions. Analysis and measurements showed that the panicle had an average length of 10-14 cm. Panicle formed a number of 16-20 branches with 200-600 spikelets, which weighting 0.4-1.0 g. The mass of a thousand grains was of 1.7-2.0 g. The higher frequency had the spikelets with a length of 2.6-2.8 mm and width of 1.2 -1.4 mm. Regarding the length, the highest frequency was 3.1-3.3 mm. The awn length was between 0.1- 30.0 mm. The correlations obtained between the different characters were positive. Thus, the length of panicle and the spikelets number was close (r = 0.551***), as well as of the length to the width spikelet (r = 0.420 ***). Correlation between glume length and awn length was low (r = 0.132), and between total spikelets weight with TSW (thousand spikelet weight), rising (I = 0.503). The present study demonstrated the wide possibilities of weed adaptation to conditions offered by maize crop.
